JTextArea (Java Platform SE 8 )
Keywords: javax.swing.JTextArea class
Date: 2026-07-22

javax.swing

## Class JTextArea

- java.lang.Object
- - java.awt.Component
  - - java.awt.Container
    - - javax.swing.JComponent
      - - javax.swing.text.JTextComponent
        - - javax.swing.JTextArea

- All Implemented Interfaces:
    ImageObserver, MenuContainer, Serializable, Accessible, Scrollable

      public class JTextArea
      extends JTextComponent

  A `JTextArea` is a multi-line area that displays plain text. It is intended to be a lightweight component that provides source compatibility with the `java.awt.TextArea` class where it can reasonably do so. You can find information and examples of using all the text components in Using Text Components, a section in The Java Tutorial.

  This component has capabilities not found in the `java.awt.TextArea` class. The superclass should be consulted for additional capabilities. Alternative multi-line text classes with more capabilities are `JTextPane` and `JEditorPane`.

  The `java.awt.TextArea` internally handles scrolling. `JTextArea` is different in that it doesn't manage scrolling, but implements the swing `Scrollable` interface. This allows it to be placed inside a `JScrollPane` if scrolling behavior is desired, and used directly if scrolling is not desired.

  The `java.awt.TextArea` has the ability to do line wrapping. This was controlled by the horizontal scrolling policy. Since scrolling is not done by `JTextArea` directly, backward compatibility must be provided another way. `JTextArea` has a bound property for line wrapping that controls whether or not it will wrap lines. By default, the line wrapping property is set to false (not wrapped).

  `java.awt.TextArea` has two properties `rows` and `columns` that are used to determine the preferred size. `JTextArea` uses these properties to indicate the preferred size of the viewport when placed inside a `JScrollPane` to match the functionality provided by `java.awt.TextArea`. `JTextArea` has a preferred size of what is needed to display all of the text, so that it functions properly inside of a `JScrollPane`. If the value for `rows` or `columns` is equal to zero, the preferred size along that axis is used for the viewport preferred size along the same axis.

  The `java.awt.TextArea` could be monitored for changes by adding a `TextListener` for `TextEvent`s. In the `JTextComponent` based components, changes are broadcasted from the model via a `DocumentEvent` to `DocumentListeners`. The `DocumentEvent` gives the location of the change and the kind of change if desired. The code fragment might look something like:

          DocumentListener myListener = ??;
          JTextArea myArea = ??;
          myArea.getDocument().addDocumentListener(myListener);

  Newlines
    For a discussion on how newlines are handled, see DefaultEditorKit.

  Warning: Swing is not thread safe. For more information see Swing's Threading Policy.

  Warning: Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with future Swing releases. The current serialization support is appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage of all JavaBeans™ has been added to the `java.beans` package. Please see `XMLEncoder`.

  See Also:
    `JTextPane`, `JEditorPane`

- - ### Nested Class Summary

    Nested Classes
    Modifier and Type | Class and Description
    --- | ---
    `protected class` | `JTextArea.AccessibleJTextArea` This class implements accessibility support for the `JTextArea` class.

    - ### Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class javax.swing.text.JTextComponent

      `JTextComponent.AccessibleJTextComponent, JTextComponent.DropLocation, JTextComponent.KeyBinding`

    - ### Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class javax.swing.JComponent

      `JComponent.AccessibleJComponent`

    - ### Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class java.awt.Container

      `Container.AccessibleAWTContainer`

    - ### Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class java.awt.Component

      `Component.AccessibleAWTComponent, Component.BaselineResizeBehavior, Component.BltBufferStrategy, Component.FlipBufferStrategy`

  - ### Field Summary

    - ### Fields inherited from class javax.swing.text.JTextComponent

      `DEFAULT_KEYMAP, FOCUS_ACCELERATOR_KEY`

    - ### Fields inherited from class javax.swing.JComponent

      `listenerList, TOOL_TIP_TEXT_KEY, ui, UNDEFINED_CONDITION, WHEN_ANCESTOR_OF_FOCUSED_COMPONENT, WHEN_FOCUSED, WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW`

    - ### Fields inherited from class java.awt.Component

      `accessibleContext, BOTTOM_ALIGNMENT, CENTER_ALIGNMENT, LEFT_ALIGNMENT, RIGHT_ALIGNMENT, TOP_ALIGNMENT`

    - ### Fields inherited from interface java.awt.image.ImageObserver

      `ABORT, ALLBITS, ERROR, FRAMEBITS, HEIGHT, PROPERTIES, SOMEBITS, WIDTH`

  - ### Constructor Summary

    Constructors
    Constructor and Description
    `JTextArea()` Constructs a new TextArea.
    `JTextArea(Document doc)` Constructs a new JTextArea with the given document model, and defaults for all of the other arguments (null, 0, 0).
    `JTextArea(Document doc, String text, int rows, int columns)` Constructs a new JTextArea with the specified number of rows and columns, and the given model.
    `JTextArea(int rows, int columns)` Constructs a new empty TextArea with the specified number of rows and columns.
    `JTextArea(String text)` Constructs a new TextArea with the specified text displayed.
    `JTextArea(String text, int rows, int columns)` Constructs a new TextArea with the specified text and number of rows and columns.

  - ### Method Summary

    All Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods
    Modifier and Type | Method and Description
    --- | ---
    `void` | `append(String str)` Appends the given text to the end of the document.
    `protected Document` | `createDefaultModel()` Creates the default implementation of the model to be used at construction if one isn't explicitly given.
    `AccessibleContext` | `getAccessibleContext()` Gets the AccessibleContext associated with this JTextArea.
    `int` | `getColumns()` Returns the number of columns in the TextArea.
    `protected int` | `getColumnWidth()` Gets column width.
    `int` | `getLineCount()` Determines the number of lines contained in the area.
    `int` | `getLineEndOffset(int line)` Determines the offset of the end of the given line.
    `int` | `getLineOfOffset(int offset)` Translates an offset into the components text to a line number.
    `int` | `getLineStartOffset(int line)` Determines the offset of the start of the given line.
    `boolean` | `getLineWrap()` Gets the line-wrapping policy of the text area.
    `Dimension` | `getPreferredScrollableViewportSize()` Returns the preferred size of the viewport if this component is embedded in a JScrollPane.
    `Dimension` | `getPreferredSize()` Returns the preferred size of the TextArea.
    `protected int` | `getRowHeight()` Defines the meaning of the height of a row.
    `int` | `getRows()` Returns the number of rows in the TextArea.
    `boolean` | `getScrollableTracksViewportWidth()` Returns true if a viewport should always force the width of this Scrollable to match the width of the viewport.
    `int` | `getScrollableUnitIncrement(Rectangle visibleRect, int orientation, int direction)` Components that display logical rows or columns should compute the scroll increment that will completely expose one new row or column, depending on the value of orientation.
    `int` | `getTabSize()` Gets the number of characters used to expand tabs.
    `String` | `getUIClassID()` Returns the class ID for the UI.
    `boolean` | `getWrapStyleWord()` Gets the style of wrapping used if the text area is wrapping lines.
    `void` | `insert(String str, int pos)` Inserts the specified text at the specified position.
    `protected String` | `paramString()` Returns a string representation of this JTextArea.
    `void` | `replaceRange(String str, int start, int end)` Replaces text from the indicated start to end position with the new text specified.
    `void` | `setColumns(int columns)` Sets the number of columns for this TextArea.
    `void` | `setFont(Font f)` Sets the current font.
    `void` | `setLineWrap(boolean wrap)` Sets the line-wrapping policy of the text area.
    `void` | `setRows(int rows)` Sets the number of rows for this TextArea.
    `void` | `setTabSize(int size)` Sets the number of characters to expand tabs to.
    `void` | `setWrapStyleWord(boolean word)` Sets the style of wrapping used if the text area is wrapping lines.

    - ### Methods inherited from class javax.swing.text.JTextComponent

      `addCaretListener, addInputMethodListener, addKeymap, copy, cut, fireCaretUpdate, getActions, getCaret, getCaretColor, getCaretListeners, getCaretPosition, getDisabledTextColor, getDocument, getDragEnabled, getDropLocation, getDropMode, getFocusAccelerator, getHighlighter, getInputMethodRequests, getKeymap, getKeymap, getMargin, getNavigationFilter, getPrintable, getScrollableBlockIncrement, getScrollableTracksViewportHeight, getSelectedText, getSelectedTextColor, getSelectionColor, getSelectionEnd, getSelectionStart, getText, getText, getToolTipText, getUI, isEditable, loadKeymap, modelToView, moveCaretPosition, paste, print, print, print, processInputMethodEvent, read, removeCaretListener, removeKeymap, removeNotify, replaceSelection, restoreComposedText, saveComposedText, select, selectAll, setCaret, setCaretColor, setCaretPosition, setComponentOrientation, setDisabledTextColor, setDocument, setDragEnabled, setDropMode, setEditable, setFocusAccelerator, setHighlighter, setKeymap, setMargin, setNavigationFilter, setSelectedTextColor, setSelectionColor, setSelectionEnd, setSelectionStart, setText, setUI, updateUI, viewToModel, write`

    - ### Methods inherited from class javax.swing.JComponent

      `addAncestorListener, addNotify, addVetoableChangeListener, computeVisibleRect, contains, createToolTip, disable, enable, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, fireVetoableChange, getActionForKeyStroke, getActionMap, getAlignmentX, getAlignmentY, getAncestorListeners, getAutoscrolls, getBaseline, getBaselineResizeBehavior, getBorder, getBounds, getClientProperty, getComponentGraphics, getComponentPopupMenu, getConditionForKeyStroke, getDebugGraphicsOptions, getDefaultLocale, getFontMetrics, getGraphics, getHeight, getInheritsPopupMenu, getInputMap, getInputMap, getInputVerifier, getInsets, getInsets, getListeners, getLocation, getMaximumSize, getMinimumSize, getNextFocusableComponent, getPopupLocation, getRegisteredKeyStrokes, getRootPane, getSize, getToolTipLocation, getToolTipText, getTopLevelAncestor, getTransferHandler, getVerifyInputWhenFocusTarget, getVetoableChangeListeners, getVisibleRect, getWidth, getX, getY, grabFocus, hide, isDoubleBuffered, isLightweightComponent, isManagingFocus, isOpaque, isOptimizedDrawingEnabled, isPaintingForPrint, isPaintingOrigin, isPaintingTile, isRequestFocusEnabled, isValidateRoot, paint, paintBorder, paintChildren, paintComponent, paintImmediately, paintImmediately, print, printAll, printBorder, printChildren, printComponent, processComponentKeyEvent, processKeyBinding, processKeyEvent, processMouseEvent, processMouseMotionEvent, putClientProperty, registerKeyboardAction, registerKeyboardAction, removeAncestorListener, removeVetoableChangeListener, repaint, repaint, requestDefaultFocus, requestFocus, requestFocus, requestFocusInWindow, requestFocusInWindow, resetKeyboardActions, reshape, revalidate, scrollRectToVisible, setActionMap, setAlignmentX, setAlignmentY, setAutoscrolls, setBackground, setBorder, setComponentPopupMenu, setDebugGraphicsOptions, setDefaultLocale, setDoubleBuffered, setEnabled, setFocusTraversalKeys, setForeground, setInheritsPopupMenu, setInputMap, setInputVerifier, setMaximumSize, setMinimumSize, setNextFocusableComponent, setOpaque, setPreferredSize, setRequestFocusEnabled, setToolTipText, setTransferHandler, setUI, setVerifyInputWhenFocusTarget, setVisible, unregisterKeyboardAction, update`

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.awt.Container

      `add, add, add, add, add, addContainerListener, addImpl, addPropertyChangeListener, addPropertyChangeListener, applyComponentOrientation, areFocusTraversalKeysSet, countComponents, deliverEvent, doLayout, findComponentAt, findComponentAt, getComponent, getComponentAt, getComponentAt, getComponentCount, getComponents, getComponentZOrder, getContainerListeners, getFocusTraversalKeys, getFocusTraversalPolicy, getLayout, getMousePosition, insets, invalidate, isAncestorOf, isFocusCycleRoot, isFocusCycleRoot, isFocusTraversalPolicyProvider, isFocusTraversalPolicySet, layout, list, list, locate, minimumSize, paintComponents, preferredSize, printComponents, processContainerEvent, processEvent, remove, remove, removeAll, removeContainerListener, setComponentZOrder, setFocusCycleRoot, setFocusTraversalPolicy, setFocusTraversalPolicyProvider, setLayout, transferFocusDownCycle, validate, validateTree`

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.awt.Component

      `action, add, addComponentListener, addFocusListener, addHierarchyBoundsListener, addHierarchyListener, addKeyListener, addMouseListener, addMouseMotionListener, addMouseWheelListener, bounds, checkImage, checkImage, coalesceEvents, contains, createImage, createImage, createVolatileImage, createVolatileImage, disableEvents, dispatchEvent, enable, enableEvents, enableInputMethods, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, getBackground, getBounds, getColorModel, getComponentListeners, getComponentOrientation, getCursor, getDropTarget, getFocusCycleRootAncestor, getFocusListeners, getFocusTraversalKeysEnabled, getFont, getForeground, getGraphicsConfiguration, getHierarchyBoundsListeners, getHierarchyListeners, getIgnoreRepaint, getInputContext, getInputMethodListeners, getKeyListeners, getLocale, getLocation, getLocationOnScreen, getMouseListeners, getMouseMotionListeners, getMousePosition, getMouseWheelListeners, getName, getParent, getPeer, getPropertyChangeListeners, getPropertyChangeListeners, getSize, getToolkit, getTreeLock, gotFocus, handleEvent, hasFocus, imageUpdate, inside, isBackgroundSet, isCursorSet, isDisplayable, isEnabled, isFocusable, isFocusOwner, isFocusTraversable, isFontSet, isForegroundSet, isLightweight, isMaximumSizeSet, isMinimumSizeSet, isPreferredSizeSet, isShowing, isValid, isVisible, keyDown, keyUp, list, list, list, location, lostFocus, mouseDown, mouseDrag, mouseEnter, mouseExit, mouseMove, mouseUp, move, nextFocus, paintAll, postEvent, prepareImage, prepareImage, processComponentEvent, processFocusEvent, processHierarchyBoundsEvent, processHierarchyEvent, processMouseWheelEvent, remove, removeComponentListener, removeFocusListener, removeHierarchyBoundsListener, removeHierarchyListener, removeInputMethodListener, removeKeyListener, removeMouseListener, removeMouseMotionListener, removeMouseWheelListener, removePropertyChangeListener, removePropertyChangeListener, repaint, repaint, repaint, resize, resize, setBounds, setBounds, setCursor, setDropTarget, setFocusable, setFocusTraversalKeysEnabled, setIgnoreRepaint, setLocale, setLocation, setLocation, setName, setSize, setSize, show, show, size, toString, transferFocus, transferFocusBackward, transferFocusUpCycle`

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

      `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

- - ### Constructor Detail

    - #### JTextArea

          public JTextArea()

      Constructs a new TextArea. A default model is set, the initial string is null, and rows/columns are set to 0.

    - #### JTextArea

          public JTextArea(String text)

      Constructs a new TextArea with the specified text displayed. A default model is created and rows/columns are set to 0.
      Parameters:
        `text` - the text to be displayed, or null

    - #### JTextArea

          public JTextArea(int rows,
                           int columns)

      Constructs a new empty TextArea with the specified number of rows and columns. A default model is created, and the initial string is null.
      Parameters:
        `rows` - the number of rows >= 0
        `columns` - the number of columns >= 0
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - if the rows or columns arguments are negative.

    - #### JTextArea

          public JTextArea(String text,
                           int rows,
                           int columns)

      Constructs a new TextArea with the specified text and number of rows and columns. A default model is created.
      Parameters:
        `text` - the text to be displayed, or null
        `rows` - the number of rows >= 0
        `columns` - the number of columns >= 0
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - if the rows or columns arguments are negative.

    - #### JTextArea

          public JTextArea(Document doc)

      Constructs a new JTextArea with the given document model, and defaults for all of the other arguments (null, 0, 0).
      Parameters:
        `doc` - the model to use

    - #### JTextArea

          public JTextArea(Document doc,
                           String text,
                           int rows,
                           int columns)

      Constructs a new JTextArea with the specified number of rows and columns, and the given model. All of the constructors feed through this constructor.
      Parameters:
        `doc` - the model to use, or create a default one if null
        `text` - the text to be displayed, null if none
        `rows` - the number of rows >= 0
        `columns` - the number of columns >= 0
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - if the rows or columns arguments are negative.

  - ### Method Detail

    - #### getUIClassID

          public String getUIClassID()

      Returns the class ID for the UI.
      Overrides:
        `getUIClassID` in class `JComponent`
      Returns:
        the ID ("TextAreaUI")
      See Also:
        `JComponent.getUIClassID()`, `UIDefaults.getUI(javax.swing.JComponent)`

    - #### createDefaultModel

          protected Document createDefaultModel()

      Creates the default implementation of the model to be used at construction if one isn't explicitly given. A new instance of PlainDocument is returned.
      Returns:
        the default document model

    - #### setTabSize

          public void setTabSize(int size)

      Sets the number of characters to expand tabs to. This will be multiplied by the maximum advance for variable width fonts. A PropertyChange event ("tabSize") is fired when the tab size changes.
      Parameters:
        `size` - number of characters to expand to
      See Also:
        `getTabSize()`

    - #### getTabSize

          public int getTabSize()

      Gets the number of characters used to expand tabs. If the document is null or doesn't have a tab setting, return a default of 8.
      Returns:
        the number of characters

    - #### setLineWrap

          public void setLineWrap(boolean wrap)

      Sets the line-wrapping policy of the text area. If set to true the lines will be wrapped if they are too long to fit within the allocated width. If set to false, the lines will always be unwrapped. A `PropertyChange` event ("lineWrap") is fired when the policy is changed. By default this property is false.
      Parameters:
        `wrap` - indicates if lines should be wrapped
      See Also:
        `getLineWrap()`

    - #### getLineWrap

          public boolean getLineWrap()

      Gets the line-wrapping policy of the text area. If set to true the lines will be wrapped if they are too long to fit within the allocated width. If set to false, the lines will always be unwrapped.
      Returns:
        if lines will be wrapped

    - #### setWrapStyleWord

          public void setWrapStyleWord(boolean word)

      Sets the style of wrapping used if the text area is wrapping lines. If set to true the lines will be wrapped at word boundaries (whitespace) if they are too long to fit within the allocated width. If set to false, the lines will be wrapped at character boundaries. By default this property is false.
      Parameters:
        `word` - indicates if word boundaries should be used for line wrapping
      See Also:
        `getWrapStyleWord()`

    - #### getWrapStyleWord

          public boolean getWrapStyleWord()

      Gets the style of wrapping used if the text area is wrapping lines. If set to true the lines will be wrapped at word boundaries (ie whitespace) if they are too long to fit within the allocated width. If set to false, the lines will be wrapped at character boundaries.
      Returns:
        if the wrap style should be word boundaries instead of character boundaries
      See Also:
        `setWrapStyleWord(boolean)`

    - #### getLineOfOffset

          public int getLineOfOffset(int offset)
                              throws BadLocationException

      Translates an offset into the components text to a line number.
      Parameters:
        `offset` - the offset >= 0
      Returns:
        the line number >= 0
      Throws:
        `BadLocationException` - thrown if the offset is less than zero or greater than the document length.

    - #### getLineCount

          public int getLineCount()

      Determines the number of lines contained in the area.
      Returns:
        the number of lines > 0

    - #### getLineStartOffset

          public int getLineStartOffset(int line)
                                 throws BadLocationException

      Determines the offset of the start of the given line.
      Parameters:
        `line` - the line number to translate >= 0
      Returns:
        the offset >= 0
      Throws:
        `BadLocationException` - thrown if the line is less than zero or greater or equal to the number of lines contained in the document (as reported by getLineCount).

    - #### getLineEndOffset

          public int getLineEndOffset(int line)
                               throws BadLocationException

      Determines the offset of the end of the given line.
      Parameters:
        `line` - the line >= 0
      Returns:
        the offset >= 0
      Throws:
        `BadLocationException` - Thrown if the line is less than zero or greater or equal to the number of lines contained in the document (as reported by getLineCount).

    - #### insert

          public void insert(String str,
                             int pos)

      Inserts the specified text at the specified position. Does nothing if the model is null or if the text is null or empty.
      Parameters:
        `str` - the text to insert
        `pos` - the position at which to insert >= 0
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - if pos is an invalid position in the model
      See Also:
        `TextComponent.setText(java.lang.String)`, `replaceRange(java.lang.String, int, int)`

    - #### append

          public void append(String str)

      Appends the given text to the end of the document. Does nothing if the model is null or the string is null or empty.
      Parameters:
        `str` - the text to insert
      See Also:
        `insert(java.lang.String, int)`

    - #### replaceRange

          public void replaceRange(String str,
                                   int start,
                                   int end)

      Replaces text from the indicated start to end position with the new text specified. Does nothing if the model is null. Simply does a delete if the new string is null or empty.
      Parameters:
        `str` - the text to use as the replacement
        `start` - the start position >= 0
        `end` - the end position >= start
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - if part of the range is an invalid position in the model
      See Also:
        `insert(java.lang.String, int)`

    - #### getRows

          public int getRows()

      Returns the number of rows in the TextArea.
      Returns:
        the number of rows >= 0

    - #### setRows

          public void setRows(int rows)

      Sets the number of rows for this TextArea. Calls invalidate() after setting the new value.
      Parameters:
        `rows` - the number of rows >= 0
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - if rows is less than 0
      See Also:
        `getRows()`

    - #### getRowHeight

          protected int getRowHeight()

      Defines the meaning of the height of a row. This defaults to the height of the font.
      Returns:
        the height >= 1

    - #### getColumns

          public int getColumns()

      Returns the number of columns in the TextArea.
      Returns:
        number of columns >= 0

    - #### setColumns

          public void setColumns(int columns)

      Sets the number of columns for this TextArea. Does an invalidate() after setting the new value.
      Parameters:
        `columns` - the number of columns >= 0
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - if columns is less than 0
      See Also:
        `getColumns()`

    - #### getColumnWidth

          protected int getColumnWidth()

      Gets column width. The meaning of what a column is can be considered a fairly weak notion for some fonts. This method is used to define the width of a column. By default this is defined to be the width of the character m for the font used. This method can be redefined to be some alternative amount.
      Returns:
        the column width >= 1

    - #### getPreferredSize

          public Dimension getPreferredSize()

      Returns the preferred size of the TextArea. This is the maximum of the size needed to display the text and the size requested for the viewport.
      Overrides:
        `getPreferredSize` in class `JComponent`
      Returns:
        the size
      See Also:
        `JComponent.setPreferredSize(java.awt.Dimension)`, `ComponentUI`

    - #### setFont

          public void setFont(Font f)

      Sets the current font. This removes cached row height and column width so the new font will be reflected, and calls revalidate().
      Overrides:
        `setFont` in class `JComponent`
      Parameters:
        `f` - the font to use as the current font
      See Also:
        `Component.getFont()`

    - #### paramString

          protected String paramString()

      Returns a string representation of this JTextArea. This method is intended to be used only for debugging purposes, and the content and format of the returned string may vary between implementations. The returned string may be empty but may not be `null`.
      Overrides:
        `paramString` in class `JTextComponent`
      Returns:
        a string representation of this JTextArea.

    - #### getScrollableTracksViewportWidth

          public boolean getScrollableTracksViewportWidth()

      Returns true if a viewport should always force the width of this Scrollable to match the width of the viewport. This is implemented to return true if the line wrapping policy is true, and false if lines are not being wrapped.
      Specified by:
        `getScrollableTracksViewportWidth` in interface `Scrollable`
      Overrides:
        `getScrollableTracksViewportWidth` in class `JTextComponent`
      Returns:
        true if a viewport should force the Scrollables width to match its own.

    - #### getPreferredScrollableViewportSize

          public Dimension getPreferredScrollableViewportSize()

      Returns the preferred size of the viewport if this component is embedded in a JScrollPane. This uses the desired column and row settings if they have been set, otherwise the superclass behavior is used.
      Specified by:
        `getPreferredScrollableViewportSize` in interface `Scrollable`
      Overrides:
        `getPreferredScrollableViewportSize` in class `JTextComponent`
      Returns:
        The preferredSize of a JViewport whose view is this Scrollable.
      See Also:
        `JComponent.getPreferredSize()`

    - #### getScrollableUnitIncrement

          public int getScrollableUnitIncrement(Rectangle visibleRect,
                                                int orientation,
                                                int direction)

      Components that display logical rows or columns should compute the scroll increment that will completely expose one new row or column, depending on the value of orientation. This is implemented to use the values returned by the `getRowHeight` and `getColumnWidth` methods.

      Scrolling containers, like JScrollPane, will use this method each time the user requests a unit scroll.

      Specified by:
        `getScrollableUnitIncrement` in interface `Scrollable`
      Overrides:
        `getScrollableUnitIncrement` in class `JTextComponent`
      Parameters:
        `visibleRect` - the view area visible within the viewport
        `orientation` - Either SwingConstants.VERTICAL or SwingConstants.HORIZONTAL.
        `direction` - Less than zero to scroll up/left, greater than zero for down/right.
      Returns:
        The "unit" increment for scrolling in the specified direction
      Throws:
        `IllegalArgumentException` - for an invalid orientation
      See Also:
        `JScrollBar.setUnitIncrement(int)`, `getRowHeight()`, `getColumnWidth()`

    - #### getAccessibleContext

          public AccessibleContext getAccessibleContext()

      Gets the AccessibleContext associated with this JTextArea. For JTextAreas, the AccessibleContext takes the form of an AccessibleJTextArea. A new AccessibleJTextArea instance is created if necessary.
      Specified by:
        `getAccessibleContext` in interface `Accessible`
      Overrides:
        `getAccessibleContext` in class `JTextComponent`
      Returns:
        an AccessibleJTextArea that serves as the AccessibleContext of this JTextArea

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